• protect life and property from the dangers of disasters.
• reduce losses to a minimum when a disaster occurs.
• provide the necessary support and effective for the surrounding environment.
• accelerate the re reform after disasters to make sure to continue early daily life and production.
• strengthen the morale of the workers there the ability to deal with disasters and reduce their effects.
Expected types of disasters
The risks of war and sabotage installations.
Human-induced disasters, transport accidents and chemical pollution.
Natural disasters (such as Seoul – Floods – Drought and Desertification – epidemics – agricultural pest – earthquakes, volcanoes and landslides – fires petroleum or petroleum products or lawns and grasses surrounding areas as a result of drought after the spring season).
The main causes of accidents:
• Statistics proved that the causes of accidents usually distributed between:
1. 88% due to human errors.
2. 10% mechanism and mechanical errors.
3. 2% distributed errors on unknown factors.
1. Human errors may be due to one of the following factors: -
1-1. Fatigue, being deceived, enthusiasm and drive in excess of the amounts, uncontrollable nerves, indifference, anxiety, disease, lack of desire to work.
1-2. Other factors:
2.1.1. The right choice and the right for workers, (the right person in the right place).
2.1.2. Little or no training, no-regulation, recklessness, lack of specialization.
Also affected the main causes of accidents, including the following:
Personal reasons -
The ability or potential may be inadequate (physical, psychological, psychiatric).
Deficiency or deficiencies in knowledge, education or training.
Stress may be (muscle, physiological, mental, myself).
Shortage or lack of skill.
Lack of preparedness or preparation or planning to work.
Factors related to the working environment -
Lack of leadership.
A lack of expertise and information engineering and technical.
Lack of maintenance and repair.
Lack of a system to provide appropriate backup materials.
Risks in the oil industry
• Oil is a mixture of hydrocarbons, or derivatives thereof, which is usually extracted from below the surface of these materials may be in the form of gas, liquid or solid or spray.
This means that the oil industry are exposed to many dangers, which requires the provision of high levels of industrial safety measures in the workplace in order to avoid hazards and protect workers and work equipment, the environment and these risks are: -
• the dangers of working materials – and that dealing with the right material in the manner traded and lamb quoting, Tusila and the storage.
• types of business risk – due to failure to follow safety procedures in the activities of the various work began operations exploration wells were drilling operations and the work of saving energy in its various forms, welding and metal and concrete construction and events in workshops and wiring and electrical connections and blasting is in progress.
• the risks of work equipment – so as not to deal with the proper equipment and the number of manual work, and mechanical equipment, electrical appliances, and heavy equipment.
Sections of the risks in the oil industry – and divided the risks associated with the oil industry into three sections: -
1. Physical hazards include fires, explosions and collisions of objects moving by land, air and sea and used in the production facilities, and natural hazards such as storms and earthquakes and floods …
2. Civil liability risks in all its forms, which lead to the rolls of persons or destruction of cattle or property of others.
3. Risks of physical loss and dependency, such as loss of income.
Means of reducing losses and is divided into: -
1. And natural remedies
• the adoption of methods of prevention, and prevention.
• the adoption of methods of control and control.
In the event of processors to be cadres of industrial safety in the oil installations and civil defense in the country an active and direct role to ensure safety in the various stages of the work of drilling activities, production, transportation and refining. The action is the work of the required safety equipment and fire control devices and safety equipment to protect workers valuable those sites.
2. Means of physical therapy
Remain a potential hazard in the list of important oil installations available procedures and preventive precautions and protection, so you must address these partial as follows: -
· Keep some risks in a comprehensive or partial so Pthadjimha and Thidha.
· By hedging contracts for property insurance company and responsibilities toward other people and their employees, where these contracts include insurance operations research, production and cover all physical and natural hazards such as storms, floods, moral and environmental toward others and society.
Security procedures ware
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